Spinning bucket



March 16, 1937. HARRISON SPINNING BUCKET Filed Dec. 2, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

March 16, 1937. P. E. HARRISON SPINNING BUCKET Filed Dec. 2, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

xiJhm/w March 16, 1937. P. E. HARRISON 2,073,840

SPINNING BUCKET Fil ed Dec. 2, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 3- INVENTOR.

BY 2' TORNEY.

March 16, 1937. P, E, ARRISON 2,073,840

SPINNING BUCKET Filed Dec. 2, 1952 A TTORNE Y.

6 Sheets-Sheet '4 P. E. HARRISON SPINNING BUCKET March 16, 1937.

Filed Dec. 2, 1952 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 (7 M ga/muw B 1 I ATTORNEY.

,1937. l UP. E. HARRISONV I I 2,073,840

SPINNING BUCKET March 16 Filed Dec. 2, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.

Patented Mar. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES 2,073,840 e srmNmG BUCKET Paul E. Harrison, Donelson, Tenn., assignor, by mesne assignments, to'E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware Application December 2, 1932, Serial No. 645,427

' 20 Claims. (01. 117-215) This invention relates to centrifugal buckets. The invention also relates to the manufacture of artificial thread. The centrifugal buckets which form a part of this invention find use in a number of widely different processes. One of their particular uses is in the manufacture of rayon by the viscose processand in its application to this use the invention will be described but it is to be understood that this particular description is given for purposes of facility only and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.

In the manufacture of rayon by the viscose process centrifugal buckets find a variety of uses,

among which may be mentioned the collecting of freshly spun thread, the wringing of excess liquor from the spun cakes, and the treatin of cakes with process fluids.

' The common bucket of the prior art isa molded bucket made from, or'including as a major constituent, resinous condensation products, frequently of the phenol-formaldehyde type.

At speeds of around 7500 revolutions per minute the buckets of these materials lack sufficient str angth to repeatedly withstand the high bursting strains set up by centrifugal force and even at speeds of this magnitude frequently burst with injury to attendants and damage to expensive machines. As speeds of spinning increase, these buckets become increasingly dangerous.

Attempts have been made to improve centrifugal buckets. These improvements have included the molding of buckets from plastic material in which is embedded fabric or metallic bands, or wire, or similar reinforcing materials. Buckets have also ,been made of aluminum, aluminum alloy or othermetals, and other improvements have been made in which. metal wire, bands, or a sheath covers the outer periphery of the molded bucket.

None of these prior art buckets have been entirely satisfactory: If composed entirely of such metals as are commercially available at 45 prices within reason they corrode and are ren- I dered worthless in almost unbelievably short periods of time; the products of corrosion pass into solution in the setting liquid and sooner or later irreparably damage the threads; metallic buckets having liners of inert plastic material have a very short life due either to crack ing of the lining or to corrosionof the buckets around the drainage holes which are drilled through the side walls of the bucket; buckets which are not provided with a metallic sheath fail to stand, up under desirably high speeds of rotation. v

It is an object of my invention to provide a new and improved centrifugal bucket. It is another object of my invention to provide a cen- 5 trifugal bucket having lateral drainage of the interior but provided with discharge of the drainage fiuid fromthe bucket in a direction other than lateral. Another object of the invention is to provide a metal centrifugal bucket capable 10 of withstanding the corroding eifect of treating fluids for, much longer periods of time than was possiblewithprior art types. Other objects of the invention will be in part apparent and in part set forth elsewhere herein.

The objects of the invention are accomplished, generally speaking, by a bucket having a strong shell, preferably of metal, a liner of corrosionresisting material, lateral drainage of the interior of the bucket, and longitudinal discharge 20 of the fluid from the bucket, and by the means, methods, and details of construction of the various forms of the invention hereinafter set forth. Referring to .the sheets of the drawings: In Figures 1 and 2, Ill refers generally to a spin-'- 25 ning bucket and specifically to a metal shell constituting the exterior thereof; II is an imperforate liner of material chemically inert to the treating fluids which are brought into the interior of the bucket; I2 is an inner liner; I3 30 are holes through the wall of the inner liner providing lateral drainage from the bucket; M are channels connecting the holes l3 with the rim of the bucket and providing a means of escape at the rim of the bucket for liquids within the bucket; 15 is a bucket cover of the selfsealing type disclosed in my pending application Serial No. 629,446, filed August 19, 1932.

My bucket may be made many suitable manner but particularly advantageous results are 0 obtained by fashioning the inner liner to provide it with holes, and with grooves connecting the holes and extending to the rim, and by casting over this liner a liner of similar material with provision, of course, for keeping the channels and holes free. For this bucket liner there is provided a metal shell of extremely accurate fit, or

even of somewhat less diameter which is applied by shrinking as described in co-pending application Serial No. 543,252, filed June 13,- 1931.

In spinning the bucket is rotated at high speed; thread and accompanying liquid enter it through the cover and are thrown by centrifugal force toward the walls of the bucket where the liquid escapes from the bucket through holes l3and 55 channels I 4 and the thread is built up in the form of a cake.

In Figures 3 and 4 is shown a modified form of the invention described in Figures 1 and 2.

b In this form of the invention, 20 is the metal shell of the bucket; 2| is a liner of suitable chemically inert material; 23 are holes drilled laterally into, but not through. the wall of the liner; and 24 are holes drilled longitudinally through the wall of the liner, connecting with the holes 23.

In Figures 5 and 6 is shown another form of my invention. In this figure 30 represents a bucket made of molded material; 3| are holes drilled laterally part way through the walls of the buckbucket wall to connect with holes 3| 33 is a sleeve made of a suitable metal shrunk on, or otherwise placed about the wall of, the bucket to afford it the support necessary to high speeds of rotation. Figures 7 and 8 show a further form of my invention. In this figure 40 is a bucket which may be made in any suitable manner, as by casting, of any suitable material, such as plain resin, metal, for instance aluminum, or buckets of various reinforced types, or laminated buckets or the like; 4| represents a self-sealing cover of the type hereinbefore referred to; 42 are holes drilled through the cover to give drainage to the liquids in the bucket. I

This form of the invention does not have all of the advantages inherent in those hereinbefore and hereinafter described, but it does have the advantages that the bucket walls, even though of metal will not corrode as quickly as identical bucket walls which have been pierced, that the decreased corrosion results in the production of better yarn, and that the bucket walls are not weakened by perforations.

In Figures 9 and 10 is disclosed another form 40 of my invention. In these figures 50 is an imperforate, preferably metallic, bucket shell; 5! is an imperforate, acid-resistant and preferably resinous, liner; 52 is a shell in the nature of an inverted bowl having an orifice 53in its top; 53 are holes through the wallsof bowl 52; 54 are channels in the walls of the bowl connecting the holes 53 and provided, with holes 53, with a means of escape for fluids within the bucket.

In this form of the invention the cake of thread is laid against the inner wall of the bowl and is removed when the bowl is lifted out of the bucket. In this form of the invention the fluids within the bucket find their way through the lateral holes in the wall of the bowl and up the channels between I 55 the bowl and the liner to the recovery system.

Figurell illustrates a form of the invention similar to that of Figure 1 except that channels are placed spirally about the inner liner. In this figure-'60 indicates the bucket shell; GIrepresents the imperforate-outer liner of the bucket 62 represents the inner liner; 64 are holes-through the inner liner through which the liquids within the bucket may escape into channels 65; 65 are spiral curves in the surface of the inner liner 65 through which the liquids from .holes 64 may escape from the bucket.

Figure 12 illustrates a form of the invention 1 similar to that disclosed in Figure 9. In this figure 10 indicates an imperforate and preferably metallic shell; H indicates an imperforate, chemically inert liner; ,13 indicates an inverted bowl which closely fits liner II; II are holes through which liquids within the bucket may escape into lchannels 15; I5 are spiral channels in the surface of the wall of the bowl through which the et; 32 are holes drilled longitudinally through the liquid from holes 14 may escape from the bucket. It will be observed in this form of the invention that the depth of the spiral channel increases chosen in order to avoid contaminating the process fluid. Metals which are satisfactory are aluminum, aluminum alloys, stainless steel, nickel chromium alloys such as illium, and the like.

The liners and inverted bowls may be made of any suitable chemically inert material, such as rubber, resinous condensation products, glass, porcelain, and the like. The kinds of material which may be used to make these parts is considerably increased by my invention because the material does not need to be strong, and may even advantageously expand slightly, the strong shell providing adequate support, and a slight expansion of the liner in some instances giving a better seal between liner and shell.

I have illustrated the bucket cover as self-sealing because that type is somewhat more satisfactory than other types. Other types of bucket cover maybe used, however, with results which are not unsatisfactory.

An advantage of my invention is in the provision of a centrifugal bucket capable of operating with equal efliciency at low speeds, at ordinary speeds, or at extremely high speeds. Another advantage of my invention is in the ability to, manufacture rayon by the bucket process at extremely high speeds. It is desirable, because of economies in operation, that rayon should be spun at much higher speeds than have been practicable heretofore. Advances in high-speed spinning have, however, been practically arrested pending the development of buckets which can withstand the speeds of spinning and the corrosion of treating liquids. Another advantage of my invention is in prolonging the life of centrifugal buckets. Another advantage of my invention is in the provision of a bucket having imperforate walls and lateral drainage of the interior. Another advantage of my invention is in that my system of drainage reduces the formation of coagulating bath crystals on the bucket and the bucket compartment. Because of this invention buckets can be made of thin wall structure, either of smaller outer diameter or of equal capacity for equal diameter and due to the formation of fewer crystals on the exterior of, and the lesser weight of, the bucket, of lower power requirements.

As many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the specific embodimentsthereof except as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a centrifugal bucket an imperforate metallic shell, an imperforate acid-resistant liner therefor, a perforated acid-resistant liner for said imperforate liner and channels between said liners connecting the perforations of the inner liner, with the exterior of the bucket whereby fluids may escape from the bucket.

2. In a centrifugal bu'cket an imperforate metallic shell, an imperforate acid-resistant liner 75 therefor, a perforated acid-resistant liner for said imperforate liner, said liners being constructed to provide channels connecting the perforations of the inner liner with the exterior of the bucket.

3. In a centrifugal bucketan imperforate shell of high resistance to bursting strains, an imperforate acid-resistant liner therefor, a perforated acid-resistant liner for said imperforate liner, said liners being constructed to' provide channels connecting the perforations of the inner liner with the exterior of the bucket.

4. In a centrifugal bucket an imperforate shell of high resistance to bursting strains, an imperforate liner therefor of low chemical reactivity,

' a perforated liner of low chemical reactivity for piece liner therefor having means to protect the.

shell from contact with liquids from within the bucket and having means to permit liquids from Within the bucket to reach the exterior thereof.

6. In a centrifugal bucket an imperforate shell of high resistance to bursting strains, and a liner therefor having means to protect the shell from contact with liquids from within the bucket and having means to permit liquids from within the bucket to reach the exterior of the bucket.

'7. In a centrifugal bucket an imperforate shell,

means to protect the shell from contact with liquids from within the bucket and means to permit liquids to escape from within the bucket.

8. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, means to prevent contact of the interior of the shell with the contents of the bucket and means operable by centrifugal force to drain the bucket.

9. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, and a liner preventing contact of the interior of the shell with the contents of the bucket and provided with drainage facilities opening toward the rim of the bucket.

10. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, a liner for said shell, and means for draining the bucket through the liner whereby the drainage is emitted from the bucket without contacting the shell.

11. In a centrifugal bucket a metal shell, a corrosion-resisting liner therefor, and means of said liner-alone providing for lateral drainage of said bucket.

12. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, means therewithin to prevent the contents of the bucket from contacting the interior of the shell, and a removable liner therefor having a spiral channel opening at the rim of the bucket, and perforations connecting the interior of the bucket with the channel, whereby liquids within the bucket will be discharged from the bucket under the influence of centrifugal force, the channel iiicrea'sing progressively in size from the bottom to the top of the bucket.

13. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, means therewithin to prevent the contents of the bucket from contacting the interior of the shell, and a liner therefor having a channel opening at the rim of the bucket, and perforations'connecting the interior of the bucket with the channel whereby liquids within the bucket will be discharged from the bucket under the influence of centrifugal force.

14. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, means therewithin to prevent the contents of the bucket from contacting the shell, a lining within said shell, a channel between the lining and said means, and a perforation connecting the channel with the interior of the bucket whereby fluids may be discharged from said bucket under the influence of centrifugal force.

15. In a centrifugal bucket a shell, and a liner therefor having channels therein from the top toward the bottom thereof, and perforations leading from the interior of the liner to the channels.

16. A centrifugal bucket comprising an outer wall the inner surface of which is corrosion-resistant and an inner wall spaced from said outer wall, the said inner wall .being provided with.

means to drain the bucket, said passage between tne inner and outer walls leading to the top of the bucket whereby to emit the drainage fluid.

1'7. A centrifuge bucket comprising a body provided with circumferentially extending rows of spaced holes in its side walls and channels on the outside surface of said side walls connecting holes in the several rows and extending to the top of the body, a reinforcing sleeve disposed about said side Walls, and an acid resisting internal covering on said sleeve forming with said channels passageways having outlets at the top of the body. p

18. A centrifuge bucket comprising a body provided with circumferentially extending rows of spaced holes in its side walls and vertical channels on the outside surface of said walls connecting holes in the several rows and extending to the top of the body, a reinforcing metal sleeve disposed about said side walls, and an acid resisting internal covering on said sleeve forming with said channels passageways having outlets at the top of the body.

19. A rayon bucket comprising a body provided with circumferentially extending rows of spaced holes in its side wall and channels on the outside surface of said side wall connecting holes in the several rows and extending vertically the length of the body, and a sleeve disposed about said side wall, said sleeve forming passageways with said channels.

20. A rayon bucket comprising a body provided PAUL E. HARRISON. 

